Version control systems are essential tools used to track changes to files over time, particularly in software development environments. They allow multiple users to collaborate on the same codebase while maintaining a complete history of modifications. Each change is recorded with metadata such as the author, timestamp, and description.
A version control system stores files in repositories, which can be hosted locally or on remote servers. Users clone repositories to their local machines, make changes, and commit those changes back to the repository. Commits create snapshots of the project at specific points in time, allowing teams to review progress or revert to earlier versions if needed.
Branching is a key feature that allows developers to work on new features or fixes independently without affecting the main codebase. Once work is complete, branches are merged back into the main branch. Conflict resolution may be required if multiple users modify the same files.
Version control systems also support access control, code reviews, and audit trails. Proper usage improves collaboration, accountability, and software quality while reducing the risk of accidental data loss.
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